Balfour is a small coal mining and maize farming town in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The town was established in 1898 as McHattiesburg after its founder Frederick McHattie. In 1905 the town changed its name when the British Prime Minister Arthur Balfour gave a speech at the local station platform when his train stopped in the town.
The town is settled along the line of rail between Johannesburg and Durban and the focal point of the Winkelhaak mining industry.